Risk factors of Congenital Heart Disease: A study in a Tertiary care Hospital

Dr.Rahul B Tamman; Dr.Goudappa R Patil; Dr.Ramesh.K

Volume : IV, Issue : I, January - 2015

Risk factors of Congenital Heart Disease: A study in a Tertiary care Hospital

Dr. Rahul B Tamman, Dr. Goudappa R Patil, Dr. Ramesh. K

Abstract :

INTRODUCTION The most common congenital condition contributing to infant mortality is congenital heart disease with 1.5 million new cases worldwide. The lack of studies in this field in our part of the world, and the lack of knowledge about the true determinants of CHD in the pediatric population in our setup has prompted us to take such an initiative. METHODOLOGY We devised a case control study among pediatric patients who attend the ECHO examination. 125 cases and 200 controls were selected and were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed statistically using Chi square test for significance. The strength of association was measured using Odds ratio and its 95% confidence limits. Binary Logistic Regression analysis was done following a forward step wise method to eliminate confounders. RESULT Further analysis using binary logistic regression showed the significant risk factors for congenital heart disease to be:Low Birth Weight (<2.5kg at birth) babies; Corrected Odd�s – 3.38; p value< 0.001,Gestational Diabetes; Odd�s – 3.41; p value <0.001,Gestational Phenytoin Intake – Odd�s 10.9; p value < 0.05. These 3 factors contributed to 15.3% of total risk factors according to Cox & Snell R Square value. CONCLUSION In our setting the major risk factors of congenital heart disease were LBW, GDM & Gestational Phenytoin consumption.