Microbiological Profile of Ventilator Associated  Infections in Intensive Care Units in a Tertiary Care  Hospital

Dr.M.Kanagapriya; Dr.G.Sucilathangam; Dr.I.M.Rejitha

Volume : IV, Issue : II, February - 2014

Microbiological Profile of Ventilator Associated Infections in Intensive Care Units in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Dr. M. Kanagapriya, Dr. G. Sucilathangam, Dr. I. M. Rejitha

Abstract :

Ventilator-associated infections(VAI) is a sub-type of Hospital Associated Infections (HAI) which occurs restricted to patients undergoing mechanical ventilation while in a hospital, Ventilator associated infection is a major cause of hospital mortality and morbidity despite recent advances in diagnosis and accuracy of management. The study was conducted over a period of 2 months in Intensive Care Units (Pediatric ICU, Medical ICU) of Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital. A total of 25 patients who were kept on mechanical ventilator were randomly selected. Cases included were patients of both sexes who were kept on mechanical ventilator. Gram staining and bacterial culture and sensitivity was done. Out of 25 patients, 17 patients developed VAI. The risk factors significantly associated with VAI in our study was found to be the duration of ventilator support, advanced age, associated disease and the level of consciousness of the patient. The most common organism isolated in our study was Klebsiella pneumoniae. The incidence of early-onset infections (within 96 h) was found to be 27% while the late-onset type (>96 h) was 73%. Late-onset had poor prognosis in terms of mortality (66%) as compared to the early-onset type (20%). In conclusion, the incidence of Ventilator associated infection was directly proportional to increased duration of mechanical ventilation. Late-onset Ventilator associated infections were associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality as compared to the early-onset variety.