In 2 experiments we compared the in vitro maturation and fertilization of buffalo follicular oocytes in laboratory culture and intravaginal culture. The bovine vagina was used for vaginal culture of oocytes that were loaded in empty semen straws incorporated in empty progesterone vaginal implants (CIDR, Inter AG) and placed intravaginally. The in vitro maturation (Expt 1) and subsequent fertilization rates (Expt 2) were significantly higher in laboratory culture (74.54% and 31.34%) compared to those obtained in intravaginal culture (38.18% and 11.47%) however oocytes could successfully be matured and fertilized in vitro in the vaginal culture. It was concluded that intravaginal culture can be successfully used for in vitro maturation and fertilization of buffalo oocytes.