The vaginal ecosystem is a complex system of micro organisms and it interacts with host factors to maintain its equilibrium. It consists of important pathogens besides the normal lactobacilli and doderlein’s bacillus. All postpartum patients (especially with perineal tear or episiotomy) do not develop infection because of the vaginal defense system maintained by this ecosystem.   Here in this study, 100 postpartum patients were studied by taking sterile vaginal swabs and swabs were examined in the microbiology department. An effort was made to understand the pattern of vaginal flora in different postpartum cases and its relation with infection.   Result and conclusion: Lactobacillus gets disturbed in the presence of infection. So it can be inferred that presence of lactobacilli or iatrogenic addiction of lactobacilli may prove useful in the prevention of infection.