Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the relationship between maternal streptococcus mutans level with that of their children. Methodology: PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta–Analyses) guideline was used. A search of articles in PubMed, PubMed Advanced Search, MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, SCI. articles published between January 2001– December 2015 were included in the screening process. Studies were included only if Comparison of Streptococcus mutans level of women during and after delivery with their children. Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between maternal streptococcus mutans level and child’s streptococcus mutans. Since streptococcus is known to be the main causative factor for dental caries initiation, it was found that mother with high streptococcus have high dmft score and also their child has high dmft score as well