Aim: The mental foramen is a small foramen which is located in the antero–lateral aspect of the body of the mandible. It is situated midway between the upper and the lower border of the mandible and it transmits the mental nerve and the vessels. The knowledge on the anatomy of the mental foramen is very important in clinical dentistry and in surgical procedures which involve that area.  Material and Methods: this study was conducted on 60 adult dry human mandibles from the South Indian population, irrespective of age and sex. The location, shape of Mental Foramen, Presence of the Accessory Mental foramen,Accessory Mandibular  foramen and Retro Molar Foramen were studied by visual examination. Results: Mental Foramen: In our present study, 57 bones (95%) showed a single Mental Foramen on the left side and 57 bones (95%) showed a single foramen on the right side. out of 60 bones in 45 bones shape of mental foramen is oval(75%), in remaining 15bones the shape of Mental foramen is round(25%). Conclusion: The knowledge on the variations in the position and size of the mental foramen and the presence of the accessory foramen may be of much use to dental surgeons.