Diabetes is a major public health issue with oral complications. It represents a public health problem due to its high prevalence, morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly rising all over the globe at an alarming rate. India leads the world with largest number of diabetic subjects earning the dubious distinction of being termed the ‘Diabetes capital of the world’. Diabetes (especially if it is not well controlled) brings with it a greater risk of periodontal disease, which is the most frequent complication. On the other hand, the possible influence of periodontal disease on glycemic control is still not well established. Other reported manifestations are xerostomia, sialadenosis and burning mouth syndrome. With regard to dental caries, oral lichen planus and candidosis, recent studies have not revealed a significantly higher incidence in these patients. Given the epidemic proportion of diabetes, it is critical for all health professionals to be well educated about diabetes. Dentists are well–positioned to provide patients with diabetes prevention information, support the need for good glycemic control, and facilitate referral to other health care providers.