Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is an uncommon idiopathic disease of the tracheobronchial system that may lead to narrowing of the airway lumen from cartilaginous and/or osseous submucosal nodules, which may be focal or diffuse. Due to the lack of awareness of this disease, it remains an under–recognized entity.

The disorder is usually asymptomatic and most of the cases have been diagnosed incidentally at autopsy or during bronchoscopy. We are describing the computed tomography and virtual bronchoscopy findings of two recently diagnosed cases at our institute.

The aim is to perform a detailed review of this rare disease and to familiarize radiologists with imaging appearance of this condition, with the goal of increasing clinical suspicion of this uncommon condition.