In a developing country like India  birth control measures play a pivotal role in guiding population density¹.  IUCD is the world’s most widely used method of reversible birth control.  Aim :To study clinical and microbial changes in IUCD users in a tertiary care hospital  .Women visiting Family Planning clinic for follow up (IUCD users, n=100) or for IUCD insertion (controls, n=50) were enrolled in the study. Each subject underwent detailed history, general physical, systemic, and local examination. Chief complaints of IUCD users included backache (54%), vaginal discharge (46%), pain lower abdomen (34%), dyspareunia (22%), menorrhagia (18%) and dysmenorrhea (14%)⁴. Trichomonas vaginalis and fungal hyphae positivity and gram stain findings and bacterial vaginosis rate were not significantly different in two groups. Vaginal discharge bacterial culture revealed comparable results in two groups.  Women using IUCD requires a regular follow up, clinical examination, counseling and further investigation.