AIMS & OBJECTIVES: To know the incidence and indications of caesarean section. To identify the types of postoperative complications after the caesarean section. To study the risks and precipitating factors which could be evaluated for respective morbidity and mortality. To study the maternal and foetal outcome. To critically evaluate the complication and to find out the solution to reduce them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of postoperative complication of caesarean section of 200 cases of caesarean section performed at civil hospital, Ahmedabad during august 2014 to November 2016 is presented. They were observed from the date of admission to date of discharge. This study includes emergency as well as booked cases. They were properly evaluated clinically and the relevant data were collected. The association of the following factors with postoperative complications were evaluated. Epidemiological factors: age, parity, socio–economic status. Antenatal factors: history of antenatal care, anaemia, any obstetric or medical complication, hypertensive disorder, primi or repeat CS, preoperative antibiotics received or not, trial of labour or not. Intranatal factors: gestational period, nature of CS, history of premature rupture of membrane, repeated vaginal examination, prolonged labour, use of antibiotics. Postoperative period: morbidity conditions like pyrexia, wound infection, septicaemia, ileus  etc., haemorrhage, urinary tract infection, and postoperative hospital stay. RESULTS: The incidence of caesarean section in present series was 32.6 % from august 2014 to November 2016.The common age group in this study was 21–25years (40%).Maximum number of caesarean sections were done in multipara (63.5%).Commonest indication for caesarean section was previous caesarean section (24 %).Most of the cases were done in emergency (86%).Spinal anaesthesia was used in most of the cases (78%).Blood transfusion was given in 61.5% cases. Surgical site infection was the most common post caesarean section morbidity (51%).In emergency caesarean section postoperative complications were more common compared to elective caesarean section. Intraoperative complications were 32.2%. Most common was primary PPH (19%).Minor post–operative complications were more (69%) than the major postoperative complications (31%). Most common Long term complication of caesarean section was rupture uterus (16.5%).Anaemia and previous caesarean section were more common precipitating factor for postoperative morbidity. In 65% cases, babies were with mother. Neonatal death occurred in 4.5 % cases. In 15% cases obstetric hysterectomy was done and resuturing was required in 49.5% cases. Antibiotics were given to all patients pre–operatively. In present series, Maternal Mortality Rate was 3%. CONCLUSION: A significant rise in C–section delivery is found in most of the states in India. In my study the incidence of CS is 32% .The following are the reasons for increase in incidence of CS. The complications like ruptured uterus, low lying placenta, morbidly adherent placenta, bladder injury are more with previous CS so we should try to avoid primary caesarean section as far as possible. Utilisation of ANC, better doctor patient communication, doctor’s commitment to reduce the rate of CS, government’s intention to develop better health care infrastructure and strict vigilance on the private health institutions may help to reduce the high and increasing rate of caesarean delivery.Antenatal nutrition should be good and iron supplementation should be there so as to reduce the incidence of anaemia postoperative morbidity and mortality. From this study we conclude that caesarean section is lifesaving measure. Liberal use of antibiotics, prophylactic antibiotics, rigid adherence to aseptic principles and use of newer less reactive suture materials would help us to reduce complications in the high risk patients. The availability of blood and blood components is very important during caesarean section. The experienced surgeon should operate complicated cases like adherent placenta and patients requiring obstetric hysterectomy.Good surgical techniques should be followed so that blood loss and trauma to the tissue are minimized. Chief emphasis on prevention of the morbidity would never end.