Perforating Veins are a rich network of veins that traverse the muscular fascia between the deep and superficial veins. These veins direct flow from the superficial to the deep systems for return to the heart via the calf muscle pump and a series of one–way valves.

             Lower extremity has a series of large named perforators located at 6–cm intervals from the base of the heel to the upper part of the thigh.

This study compares four surgical options available for the treatment of INCOMPETENT PERFORATOR VEINS namely Linton procedure, Modification of Linton procedure, Subfascial ligation of perforators using a  stab incision, Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator surgery (SEPS).