Epilepsy is a neuronal disorder that is observed globally but still it is not explored very well in most parts of the world. This disease is linked to different provocative causes and affects almost all generation, ethnicity and age population. There are 50 million people living with epilepsy worldwide. The last decade has witnessed rapid advances in understanding the role of factors in epilepsy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate cytogenetic and molecular studies on epileptic children. Forty one study subjects with epilepsy and twenty healthy control subjects were taken for this study. The extent of DNA damage was quantified by Cytokinesis–Block Micronuclei (CBMN) assay. Detailed demographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics were compared with subjects. The micronuclei frequency was significantly elevated in study subjects as compared with that of control subjects. Various risk factors such as demographic, clinical and biochemical characters of subjects showed increased micronuclei. Treatment can reduce or prevent seizures with improving the quality of life. Controlling epilepsy also lowers the risk of falling and other complications.