Urolithiasis is the most common presentation among urological admissions in most of the tropical countries like India. It’s been postulated that an individual’s occupation, may predispose him to various environmental exposures and also dietary and fluid intake restrictions which may in turn predispose him for formation of urolithiasis. However, no Indian study has been conducted to study the correlation between the occupation and the incidence of urolithiasis. Hence this study was designed with an objective to assess the impact of occupation on urolithiasis.

Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study in which all patients above the age of 18 years treated in the Urology department between 01 Jan 2015 and 30 June 2017 were included. The demographic profile of all the patients were recorded which included the occupation as categorised by the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO–08). The number, the maximum size of the stone and the location were also recorded.

Results: A total of 1736 patients were treated as in–patients at our urology centre between 01 Jan 2015 and 30 Jun 2017. Out of these, 962 patients (55.41%) were treated for Urolithiasis and 774 (44.59%) for other diseases.  A total of 6 patients were excluded from final analysis. It was seen that the outdoor occupation i.e. the Armed Forces, Elementary Occupations and the Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery worker groups had a higher proportion of urolithiasis; 69.50; 56.95 and 52.69 % respectively. Among the indoor workers the plant and machine operators had the highest proportion of urolithiasis (46.88%).

Conclusion: The Armed forces and the other outdoor profession are at an increased risk of developing urolithiasis. Although other factors definitely interplay in the causation but the occupation of an individual which has an effect on multiple factors may increase the risk of developing urolithiasis.