The treatment for nephrolithiasis has been on shift from the past few decades. The standard open procedure has been completely replaced by minimal access surgery except in very few conditions. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a relatively non–invasive procedure, has now established as a surgical treatment of choice for nephrolithiasis owing to advancement in the instrumentation and techniques which have improved treatment outcomes and less morbidity. It is standard surgical treatment for staghorn calculi, large volume calculi, upper tract calculi refractory to other modality, difficult lower pole stone, calculi in anatomically abnormal kidneys. As with other surgical procedure, PCNL is also associated with certain complications which can occur preoperatively as well as post operatively. Complications which can occur are, mainly while accessing kidney in form of haemorrhage or collecting system injury or adjacent organ injury, extravasation and fluid absorption leading to electrolyte imbalance in postoperative period, septicaemia, renal loss and mortality. A Sincere effort has been put in this study to understand the complications of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed for the management of renal calculus.