Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) or sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary genetic disease that is characterized by the presence of abnormal crescent–shaped red blood cells.¹ It is characterized by the presence of sickle hemoglobin (Hb S), caused by a single point mutation involving GAG – GTG transversion at codon 6 of the β–globin gene.^2–6

Aim & Objective: The study was undertaken to study the renal profile in patients of SCD and to compare the renal profile in patients of SCD with traits.

Materials & Methods:It was a prospective cross sectional study, conducted in the department of Medicine on patients of sickle cell disease coming to medicine department or speciality OPD of sickle cell disease, of Acharya VinobaBhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), a tertiary care hospital attached to Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Sawangi, Wardha in Central India. It was conducted for 2 years from September 2014 – August 2016.

Results:

Tubular dysfunction was more in patients with SS pattern than AS patttern. In our study, tubular dysfunction was found in 100% cases of SS pattern with crisis. Urine microscopy of SCD patients showed evidences of glomerular & tubular damage, papillary necrosis and tubulointerstitial nephritis.  Hyposthenuria was a predominant finding in patients of SCD patients. >75% of SCD patients had hyposthenuria, suggesting that renal medulla in patients of crisis had developed ischemia, so passing large amount of diluted urine which further contribute to the development of dehydration leading to further renal ischemia and complications.

Conclusion: Renal involvement in the form of glomerular & tubular dysfunction occur in patients of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD).