Objective : To study the vascular variations  and complications in  renal transplantation . Methods: It’s a retrospective study of the patients who underwent consecutive allogenic renal transplantation at Government Kilpauk Medical College hospital,Chennai ,India ,during the period 2015 to 2017.Totally 26  patients of  Male 18 (69%) and Female  8 (31%) recipients were enrolled in this study.The age group of the recipients were between 19years  to 51years.Live related donor were 15 (57.69%)and brain dead donor were11 (42.3% .Results: Double renal arteries:In 5 donar kidneys (19.23%) lower pole  2, hilar  2 and  upper pole 1. Additional renal arteries anastomosedseparately to  inferior epigastric artery (2), pelvic branch of hypogastric artery(1), external iliac artery (2) and the  upper pole artery which is very small diameter (1mm) was  ligated without any untoward effect of  graft function.Early branching of main renal artery: 2 donar kidneys (7.69%) out of which in one case faced difficulty in harvesting.Atherosclerotic plaque of the  recipient  internal iliac artery: 1 case ,managed by endarterectomy.Vascular complications : Partial thrombosis of renal artery anastomosis 1( 3.8%) managed by heparin  therapy and responded well.Renal vein thrombosis 1(3.84%) with impending graft rupture and hypotension,managed by graft nephrectomy. Pseudoaneurysm of transplant renal arterywith pelvichematoma 1( 3.84%) managed by excision of pseudoaneurysm and subcapsular nephrectomy.We observed that all the vascular complications  occurred  in cadaver donar renal transplantation.Conclusion: Vascular anatomical variations , multiple renal arteries should always be anticipated in renal transplantation and to be reimplanted at any cost and the early branching of renal artery is not a limitation .Transplant renovascular complications should be diagnosed at the earliest to salvage the graft kidney and to save patient life.