PREMATURE   BIRTH IS THE   SIGN  OF   PREMATURE  DEATH .  Where there is wild fire, there is smoke. These babies born too soon like feast today and famine tomorrow. Premature birth infants (PMB) suffer from sure lethal diseases. Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age. These babies are known as preemies or premmies.(1) Preterm birth and low birth weight remain the most important predictors of perinatal morbidity and mortality among otherwise healthy infants. Despite the increasing survival of preterm infants due to the improvement in skills and technologies used in their management, the incidence of preterm birth continues to increase globally. Many risk factors have been proven to be causative, while others remain under speculation needing ongoing research. Previous history of preterm birth remains by far the most accurate predictor of risk for subsequent preterm delivery.

Premature infants are at greater risk for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems, and vision problems like  crossed eyes, near sightedness, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). According to study 10% American babies have problem with brain such as autism, attention deficit, hyper activity disorder and cerebral palsy. Infants born prematurity or those who demonstrate poor fetal growth are at an increased risk of developing (ADHD) attention deficit hyper activity dis order.(2)

The cause of preterm birth is often not known. Risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, being pregnant with more than one baby, being either obese or underweight, a number of vaginal infections, tobacco smoking, and psychological stress, among others It is recommended that labor not be medically induced before 39 weeks unless required for other medical reasons. The same recommendation applies to cesarean section.(3)

According to the March of Dimes, most babies born at 32 or 33 weeks weigh 3 to 5 pounds. If a baby is less than 4 pounds, he is automatically placed in the neonatal intensive care unit and will remain there until he weighs 4 pounds. Therefore, feeding becomes priority number one to help the newborn gain weight. The preemie baby must demonstrate steady, continuous weight gain over several days to a week. The weight is a potential danger because premature babies have insufficient body fat needed to sustain their body temperature. Delivering a baby between 32 and 34 weeks poses even more risks for learning and behavioral problems because brain development is incomplete and preterm babies are more likely to developmental delays.Premature babies are more at risk for developing infections because of their underdeveloped immune systems. Because they usually require medical and surgical exposure, there are multiple ways an infection can attack the baby, from a surgical incision to a feeding tube or respirator.(4)