Objective: To study the prevalence of various cardiovascular diseases on Echocardiographic evaluation in pediatric age group from Bhopal region, in central India, from 1^st January 2003 to November 2007– A Retrospective analysis. Methods: 1085 pediatric patients who have undergone two dimensional, M– mode and colour Doppler Echocardiography in the Department of Cardiology were studied to ascertain the incidence and prevalence of congenital and acquired heart diseases in the pediatric age group. All echocardiograms were recorded as per recommended guidelines. Results: There were 527 (48.57%) cases of congenital heart disease; 179 (16.49%) cases of valvular heart diseases; 20 (1.84%) cases of pericardial diseases and 52 (4.79%) cases of other less common disease combinations with multiple etiologies. Conclusion: Echocardiography is useful in detection of congenital and acquired heart disease in the pediatric age group. The possible factors would be genetic predisposition, consanguinity, ignorance towards consumption of fetotoxic medicines, rubella infection, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, etc. Thus, more awareness towards such statistically significant data is indicated for health programmes, especially in relation to improvement of infant mortality and morbidity rate, not only in rural, but also in the urban population of developing countries.