Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem, with adverse outcome of cardiovascular disease and premature death. It has become evident that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of arthrosclerosis complication. Chronic kidney disease patients also have an increased risk of arthrosclerosis complication. In line with this, dental problems can be important source of systemic inflammation. In the developed and developing countries, oral health care in CKD patientsis neglected. There is poor dental awareness amongst the patients and healthcare delivery personnel.As the oral health in dialysis and transplant patients is poor, so it makes them more likely to develop pathological conditions in the oral cavity, potentially increasing morbidity, mortality and affecting the quality of life of patients. Gingivitis and periodontitis are common manifestations of poor oral health. In addition, poor oral health in CKD patients is an important contributory factor in atherosclerosis, protein energy wasting, systemic infection and inflammation. Therefore, the dentist plays an important role in training parents and/or guardians, doctors and paramedics on the treatment of oral lesions in these patients.