Introduction: Pathological lesions of parathyroid glands encompass a wide range of lesions ranging from developmental anomalies toinflammatory disorders to neoplastic processes.
Aims and objectives: To study the frequency of various spectrum ofparathyroid lesions .
Materials and methods: An retrospective study of All parathyroid specimens received in the Department of pathology,Madras Medical College,Chennai, India, for histopathologicalexami–
nation over a period of 6 years, from Jan 2011 to dec 2016, were included in the study.
Results: A total of 15 cases were examined in the study. The highest incidence of parathyroid lesions was seen in the second decade (n = 6, 40%) and showed a female predominance
(66.6%). Non–neoplastic lesions accounted for 5 cases (33.4%) and neoplasms accounted for 10(66.6%)cases in which benign 9cases (90%) & malignant 1case (10%). The common
non–neoplastic lesions  were parathyroid hyperplasia(80%) followed by parathyroid cyst (20%). Benign neoplasms (90%) all cases were reported as parathyroid adenoma and one malignant reportedas parathyroid carcinoma.
Conclusion:Histopathological correlation plays an vital role in addition to clinical, radiological and biochemical parameter for definitive diagnosis and treatment.