Aim:To present a unique case of mandibular second premolar with three roots and three root canals with the aid of Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Case description: Mandibularsecond  premolars usually have a singleroot and a single canal. The occurrence of three roots with three separate root canals is extremely rare. The use of CBCT in thisrare case greatly helped towards making a confirmatorydiagnosis and successful endodontic management is presented here.

Conclusion:For a successful endodontic treatment outcome in mandibular second premolars with three roots and three root canals, it is essential to understand the root canal anatomy and its variations, careful interpretation of peri–apical radiographs and close clinical inspection of the floor of the pulp chamber. In the case’s where radiographic images are not helpful to clearly view root canal anatomy and aberrations, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)are recommended.

Clinical significance:The complex tooth anatomy must be considered for planning

endodontic treatment using latest diagnostic equipment to increase the success rate.