Background:In India rotavirus is estimated to cause 34% of all diarrheal death in children.An incidence of rotavirus diarrhea appears to be associated with the season, general living conditions and socio–economic status of the patient. The present study was conducted to find out an incidence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children under five years of age in a tertiary care hospital.

Material and Methods:In this prospective study 200 stool samples fromhospitalized children less than 5 years of age with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis were tested for rotavirus antigen by  ELISA
Kit (Premier^TMRotaclone^®).A detailed history including the demographic profile, presenting complaints, past history and risk factor was elicited for each patient and recorded.

Results:All 200 stool specimens were processed for rotavirus antigen by ELISA, out of which 26% were positive.Maximum cases of rotavirus diarrhea  in present study belonged to age group 6 months to 2 years. There was marked seasonal variation in rotavirus cases. Maximum cases of rotavirus diarrhea were seen during winter season. Complications like sepsis, electrolyte imbalance, renal failure etc were seen in 20% of rotavirus diarrhea cases, While among non–rotavirus cases only 2% cases developed complications.

Discussion:Rotavirusdiarrhea accounts for a large proportion of diarrhealdisease in hospitalized children less than 5 years. It causes substantial mortality and morbidity in young children. Due importance should be given to the personal hygiene and handwashing practices of family members.