Background: Cholecystectomy for gall bladder dieases is the most commonly performed surgical procedure world wide. Routine examination of the gall bladder after surgery throw up interesting possibilities including carcinoma. It is the endeavour of this study to quantify the various outcomes in a tertiary level hospital.Aim : To evaluate the different histopathological patterns of gall bladder diseases and their incidences, commonest age group and male: female ratio. 2) Special emphasis was given on cases with incidental(asymptomatic) gall bladder disease and their histopathological findings were noted.

 Methods: A total of 187 cases of cholecystectomy specimens were studied to evaluate the histopathological patterns with special reference to incidental asymptomatic gall bladder diseases from January 2017 to December 2017.The cases were investigated and surgically treated .The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and sent to the department of Pathology RIMS Ranchi from department of surgery. The age, sex and other hospital details were recorded.The specimens were examined grossly and processed routinely. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The gross and microscopic findings examined and noted. The study was aimed at assessing the need for histopathological examination in all cholecystectomy specimens.

Results : In our study out of 187 cases of which 156 cases were female and 31 cases were male. The female:male ratio was 5.03:1 in our study. Age distribution showed 16 patients were below 20 years, youngest was 14 yearsold. Between 21–30 there were 43 patients, between 31–40 years 45 patients, between 41–50 years there were 47patients, between 51–60 years 28 patients and above 60 years 08 patients. Nonneoplastic to neoplastic cases which is 92.5:1 and percentage of neoplastic cases is 1.06% in our study. Histomorphological variants of the 187 cases in our study showed that maximum cases were of chronic calculous cholecystits (151cases) followed by chronic cholecystitis with adenomyosis (17 cases). 1 case of incidental adenocarcinoma of gall bladder was detected out of 2 adenocarcinoma cases. Out of the 187 cases studied, 17 cases were diagnosed with incidental gall bladder disease during routine investigation for pregnancy, ureteric colic, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and incisional hernia. Out of this 17 cases 15 patients were female and 2 patients were male (ratio 7.5:1).

Conclusions: Our study strongly recommends routine histopathological examination of all cholecystectomy specimens for detection of various variants of chronic cholecystits and also of incidental Carcinoma of gall bladder which helps in their early treatment and good prognosis.