INTRODUCTION:Cystourethroscopic procedure is day care procedure for evaluation of lower urinary tract. Antibiotic prophylaxis is debatable in these procedures hence more and more study is needed with larger sample.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Aim of our study is to compare the efficacy of single dose antibiotic prophylaxis v/s no prophylaxis inday care cystourethroscopic procedure for preventions of urinary tract infectionin patients with sterile urine.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:Total of 247 patients of age ranging between 21 – 85 years with initial negative urine cultures were recruited for day care cystourethroscopy.All the patients underwent day care therapeutic ordiagnostic cystourethroscopy. Patients were randomized into two groups: with prophylaxis and without prophylaxis. All the patients had underwent urine analysis for bacterial culture and sensitivity on 2^nd and 20^th post procedureday, some other parameters were also recorded like fever and dysuria.

RESULT:Out of the 247 patients underwentcystourethroscopy for various causes, only 7 patients had developed UTI. Out 10 patients having history of anti–tubercular treatment 2 patients havingpyuriawithout bacteriuria in pre and post–cystourethroscopic urine analysis. 2 patients lost in first follow–up and 9 patients lost in second follow–up.

CONCLUSSION:From this study we can conclude that antibiotic prophylaxis doesn’t play much role in prevention of UTI followingcystourethroscopic day care procedure. Injudicious use of antibiotics may lead to development of resistance hence it should be cautiously used.