IJSR International Journal of Scientific Research 2277 - 8179 Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research ijsr-8-2-17913 Original Research Paper A Study of Prognosis of stroke with special reference to electrocardiographic changes and 2D-echo. Kiran Yadav Dr. Dr.Hariom Gupta Dr. February 2019 8 2 01 02 ABSTRACT

 

 Introduction: Stroke is the second most common cause of death and major cause of disability worldwide. Approximately 20 million people each year suffer from stroke  of which 5 million do not survive. Cerebral infarction is responsible for about 80% of all first ever in a lifetime   strokes. There are many risk factors for cerebrovascular accidents like hypertension, diabetes, aneurysm & coagulopathy . This study was undertaken to determine ECG changes in stroke with diabetic and its prognostic significance.

Aims & Objectives: The present  study  aims to determine the 2D ECHO and ST–T changes among stroke patients and its implication in assessing prognosis.

Material and Methods:

            The present study was carried out in100 patients admitted in department of medicine, S.S. medical college and associated S.G.M.H hospital, Rewa (M.P.) from july 2014 to Jun. 2015.

Inclusion Criteria: The stroke patients of both sexes aged >16 years admitted to SGMH, Rewa. Neurodeficit lasting >24 hours.

          Detailed neurological examination including fundoscopy and cardiovascular examination was carried out in all the cases.

          A 12 lead ECG  was done within 24 hours of admission.

Result: Stroke was most common in 5th and 6th decade (55%). Males had higher preponderance among stroke patients (Male–female ratio 1.5:1). Hypertension was the most common risk factor in 45% of patients. In infarct the most common  presenting complaints were headache(25%), Vomiting(19.11%) & Convulsion(8.82%). Such complaints were significantly higher in hemorrhage Headache(65.62%), vomiting(78.12%) & convulsion(12.50%). Abnormal ECG changes were more common among hemorrhagic patients (78.12%) compared to infarct patients (67.64%). LV dysfunction was the most common abnormality noted in both groups i.e., infarct (23.53%) and hemorrhage (56.26%).

Conclusion: ST  segment  depression in infarct(30%),hemorrhage(53.33%),  QTc  prolongation infarct(35.71),hemorrhage(46.66%)  and prominent U wave infarct(50%),hemorrhage(53.33%) are  the  common  ECG abnormalities in  strokes. ECG abnormalities in stroke patients do not have any prognostic significance. 2D echo abnormalities were more common among hemorrhage group (75%) than in infarct (44.12%). LV dysfunction showed significant mortality in stroke patients and was statistically significant (p<0.001).