Background: Anemia is one of the most common and under treated problem encountered in South East Asian countries in children under five year of age. Present study has been done to assess the burden and proportion of anemia in children aged between 6 to 59 months of age and to create awareness among people and health care providers about the problems due to anemia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the government and government aided hospitals in the Bijnor district in western Uttar Pradesh over a period of 3 months during August 2018–October 2018. 200 children aged between 6 months to 59 months who presented to the OPD with some problem and for vaccination were examined. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied for screening of cases. Anemia was diagnosed as per the WHO cut off of Hemoglobin (Hb) level and anemia was categorized as mild, moderate and severe according to the hemoglobin (Hb) level being in the range 10.0–10.9 g/dL;7.0–9.9g/dL and< 7 g/dL respectively. Results: Among 200 children screened, 18.5% did not have anemia, 24% had mild anemia, 48% had moderate anemia, and 9.5% had severe anemia. Similar finding of high prevalence of anemia in children below 5 years age has been reported by Sahu T et al (14), Saba F et al (15) and NFHS–3 (7). Males to Females ratio of children having anemia is 1: 1.03 in the present study which is in contrast with the study of Saba F et al(15) who have reported a male: female ratio of 1.4:1. Also Ferreira et al in a study conducted in Brazil showed higher incidence of anemia in male children (16). Around 95% children belonged to lower and lower middle class. Similar results were obtained by Kanchana et al (17) and Mehrotra SK et al (18). Summary : There is high prevalence of anemia in children belonging to lower and lower middle class in India irrespective of gender. Iron and other micronutrient rich diet should be provided to the children. Regular deworming and proper sanitary facilities to be provided in the residential area of lower socio economic families