Background: Type–2 diabetes mellitus is fast spreading among young people as the incidence of obesity is increasing with time. This evidence has prompted the American Diabetes Association to include in new classification recommendations of diabetes, a form of type–2 diabetes with pubertal onset, variable insulin secretion, strongly associated with obesity which includes 10–20% of all diabetes in childhood and youth. AIM: The objective of the study was to evaluate the insulin resistance by measuring circulating insulin levels of mother and neonate and to determine the relationship between maternal pregravid BMI and neonatal insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study for a period of one year from Dec.2009 to Nov.2010. Forty lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and forty obese women (BMI > 30kg/m2) with singleton term pregnancy were evaluated at elective cesarean section over a period of one year. Results: In the present study, the mothers were more insulin resistant than their newborns (p = 0.0001). The obese mothers were more insulin resistant that the lean mothers (p = 0.0001). Similarly, the newborns of the obese mothers were also more insulin resistant (p = 0.0001) than the newborns of lean mothers.