IJSR International Journal of Scientific Research 2277 - 8179 Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research ijsr-8-4-18807 Original Research Paper The study of Inducible and Constitutive clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from clinical samples in a teriary care hospital in central India. Kale Dr. April 2019 8 4 01 02 ABSTRACT

Background: Staphylococcus aureus has emerged over the past several decades as a leading cause of hospital–associated and community acquired infections. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is the most common cause of nosocomial infections and pose a great threat to the world. Macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics are commonly used in treatment of staphylococcal infections. Widespread use of MLSB antibiotics has led to an increase in resistance to these antibiotics especially clindamycin, amongst staphylococcal strains. Material and methods: Study was carried for a period between January 2014 to June 2017 in the Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratory . MRSA detection was performed by cefoxitin disk diffusion method. All Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested for the inducible clindamycin resistance (MLSBi), Constitutive Clindamycin resistance (MLSBc) and MS phenotype by Double–disk diffusion test (D–zone test). Results : A total of 287 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates were included in the study. MRSA was found to be 46.68% of all samples. Inducible Clindamycin resistance (MLSBi) was seen in 40.29% of MRSA,15.03% of MSSA ,and 26.82% of total S. aureus isolates. Constitutive Clindamycin resistance (MLSBc) was seen in 28.35% of MRSA samples, 15.68% of MSSA and 21.60% of total S. aureus isolates. MS Phenotype was seen in 20.14% of MRSA, 9.80% of MSSA and 14.63% of all S. aureus isolates. Conclusions: Higher prevalence of iMLSB phenotype in MRSA infections compared to MSSA infections suggests that clindamycin therapy for MSSA infections is successful in many circumstances while it may lead to treatment failure for MRSA infections.