Background: Many authors have demonstrated the presence of MPO containing cells as well as MPO proteins and its activity in renal diseases. Various studies have also implicated a role of MPO in pathogenesis of Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD). There are evidences that suggest that patients suffering from CKD are at increased risk for CVD. Hence, serum level of MPO was determined in healthy controls as well as patient diagnosed with CKD which were categorized according to the level of kidney disease I, II, III, IV and V including End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Objective: To study serum myeloperoxidase level in different stages of chronic kidney disease. Methods: For 1 year level of serum MPO was estimated by sandwich ELISA method in 30 control subjects and 30 cases diagnosed with CKD. Patients with underlying malignancy, SLE, systemic vasculitis and congenital heart disease were excluded. Further, the cases were categorized into 5 stages based on their GFR calculated by Gault Cockroft formula. The statistical analysis of differences of means for baseline characteristics and serum MPO levels between cases and controls was done by using parametric test (unpaired ‘t’ test) for quantitative analysis. Between–group comparisons were performed using 1– way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: On comparison of the level of serum MPO (values in Mean±SD) between the cases (18.661±13.088) and control subjects (61.761±24.840) a highly significant difference was noted (P–value ≤0.01). A highly significant difference was also found on comparison of the levels of serum MPO (values in Mean±SD) in various stages of CKD [Stage 1 (n=6) 103.422±7.043], [Stage 2 (n=6) 26.862±2.136], [Stage 3 (n=6) 14.698±3.796], [Stage 4 (n=6) 9.325±1.717] and [Stage 5 (n=6) 4.068±1.302] in the cases (P–value ≤0.01). Conclusion: There was rapid decline in serum MPO level with advancing chronic renal failure, which appeared to be caused by a synergism of different mechanism such as inflammation, oxidative stress and genetic components.