In spite of the many revolutionary changes occurring in the field of medical sciences, especially in the field of diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer, it became cumbersome for a medical or dental fraternity to increase the survival rate of an oral cancer patient. This may be due to the hindrance in understanding the exact nature and severity of any pathological lesion and to look into its deeper dysplastic changes occurring at cellular level. Due to this still the histopathological diagnosis remains as a gold standard investigation in diagnosis of malignant lesions and choosing the site of tissue as a heart of the biopsy. Thus the present article is a review of colposcopy, a diagnostic microscopic procedure used in choosing the accurate site for oral biopsy and to look into tissue for its dysplastic changes.