Objective: To compare the inborn and outborn neonatal units in aspect of morbidity and mortality. Design: Retrospective analytic study. Setting: Outborn and Inborn neonatal intensive care units of department of paediatrics, SSMC & associated Gandhi memorial hospital, Rewa, MP. Material and methods: Total 1000 newborn admitted in inborn and outborn unit in duration of one year from July 2016 to June 2017. Data were taken from neonatal case records. Data was tabulated, analyzed and various parameters were compared with the help of Chi–square test and unpaired t–test. Results: In present study, inborn unit had 8.0% mortality as compared to 20.4% in outborn. Among inborn cases, prematurity (38.73%) was the commonest cause of mortality while in outborn it was birth asphyxia (33.8%). In terms of morbidity, Asphyxia (18.4%) was the most common cause followed by PT RDS (16.8%) and Sepsis (15%) in inborn unit, while in outborn neonatal sepsis (22.6%) was the commonest cause followed by Birth Asphyxia (20.4%) and Preterm RDS (17.75%). Conclusion: The outborn units have significantly higher mortality than inborn. The main causes of outborn mortality and morbidity were birth asphyxia and sepsis which are preventable causes