Background Peripheral intravenous cannula is a critical tool in today’s healthcare settings. A study was conducted to assess the incidence and risk factors of peripheral intravenous cannulation associated infection and inflammation among hildren admitted in Pediatric Ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mumbai. Objectives :To assess the incidence of peripheral intravenous cannulation site infection/inflammation among children who underwent peripheral intravenous cannulation, To identify the risk factors, To suggest changes in practices. Methodology :A non experimental observational design was used in this study. The calculated sample size was 125. All children below age 144 months admitted in paediatric ward of a tertiary care hospital over a period of three months were taken as sample. Results: The study revealed incidence of 2.4% phlebitis. There were statistically significant association between types of gloves used and phlebitis