Background: Ventral hernias are the defects of anterior abdominal wall most of which are incisional hernias. Mesh repair has become standardised care for ventral hernia. The Plane of placement of mesh have been widely studied out of which onlay, sublay, intraperitoneal onlay had been popularised. The short term outcomes between sublay and onlay have not been compared in a prospective randomised methods in our population. Methods: This is randomised prospective comparative study, the patients presenting with ventral hernia after passing the inclusion and exclusion criteria had been allocated into either onlay or sublay groups using computer generated random numbers. They are followed up for two months and the preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, follow–up data and rates of various short term surgical occurrences are identified and analysed. Student t test, confidence intervals, percentage analysis, ANNOVA are applied as statistical tests of significance using SPSS software. Results: Most of the patients were female patients (78%) and most of the hernia were incisional hernia (90%). No difference in outcomes could be made out between ventral hernia working group Grade I and Grade II hernias. Size of the defect were not significantly associated with the surgical site outcomes. The mean operating time was significantly higher in the sublay group (difference– 17 mins, p value–0.00004). The drain output, duration of drain in situ, duration of hospital stay is significantly lower in the sublay group (p value–0.00002). The incidence of various surgical site occurrences were significantly lower in the sublay group than onlay group (24.4% vs 44.4%, p value–0.05). There were no significant changes in the pain score observed between onlay and the sublay group. Conclusion: Standardised methods and guidelines of care should be established with respect to treatment of the ventral hernias. Sublay method should be preferred whenever possible, based on the advantages of pascal’s principles and decreased rates of short term surgical occurrences derived from our study. Long term cohort follow–up studies are required to evaluate for the incidence of recurrences in both the sublay and onlay group.