Background: Cholelithiasis is the most common abdominal condition for which patients get admitted to hospitals in India. The age group most commonly affected in cholelithiasis is 45–60 years. For decades, thyroid function disorders have been thought to be responsible for causation of gallstone diseases. Thyroid hormones have a number of effects on cholesterol metabolism.Therefore, this study intends to evaluate thyroid function test in cholelithiasis patients. Aims and objectives: 1.To evaluate thyroid profile in patients with cholelithiasis. 2.To know the prevalence of hypothyroidism in gallstone patients. Materials and methods: The present case control study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Silchar Medical College& Hospital, Silchar, from January2018 to June2018, comprising of 50 cases and 50 controls. Cases included patients with cholelithiasis within the age group of 15–60 years and controls included healthy family members of cases within the same age group. A detailed history, clinical examination and laboratory blood tests for serum T3, T4 and TSH, USG abdomen and neck were done. Detailed proforma of patients were filled. Results: Serum TSH level was found to be high in cholelithiasis cases compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: In this study, there was higher prevalence of hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis in the age group >40 years. This can explain the effect of increased TSH on stone formation with increase in the age of patients. Further, regular monitoring of TSH can be very helpful for early diagnosis of hypothyroidism so that they can be treated at early stages and thus can help in reducing the burden of cholelithiasis.