Over the years it has been evident that bacteria play an important role in various functions such as for the development and control of the immune system, metabolism of macronutrients, synthesis of vitamins, energy balance as well as defense of their territory against pathogenic bacteria. Probiotics are dietary supplements that contain potentially beneficial bacteria which help in stimulating beneficial flora while suppressing pathogens which initiates and spreads diseases. They are administered in different quantities that allow for colonization of the colon and mainly include Lactobacillus sps. and the Bifidobacterium sps. Probiotics have shown encouraging results in the control of chronic diseases such as gingivitis, periodontitis, dental caries and recurrent problems like halitosis and candida infections. Prebiotics are components of food that are not easily digested by humans which promote the growth and proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the digestive system. This article reviews the use of probiotics/prebiotics for the prevention of various oral diseases as well as the risks associated with their prolonged use. With the development of increased resistance to antibiotics, probiotics may provide a promising area in the field of research in oral health.