Modern advances in the field of medico–dentistry has caused formulation of innovative solutions. Many cancer patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy or radiotherapy or a combination of both, especially in head and neck region, are inherently prone to develop a frequent complication Recent years have also seen a considerable emphasis on growth factors, which has led to the recognition that they might have potential in the therapeutic management of these complications, either by regeneration through biomimetic or mimicking the processes that occur during embryonic and post–natal development. This review attempts to highlight the role of growth factors in the management of oral mucositis.