Successful endodontic treatment depends on proper cleaning, shaping, and filling of the root canal system; this implies that inability to detect, debride, and obturate all the existing canals is a major cause of endodontic failure. Maxillary first molars have the most complicated root and canal morphology of the maxillary dentition; therefore, their anatomy has been extensively evaluated. Amongst the Indian population the root configuration for maxillary 1st molar ranges from 1 root (2%) to 4 separate roots (2%). It is now generally accepted that the most common form of maxillary first molar has three roots and four canals.Prognosis for treatment of these four rooted molars, or a four canal molar with two palatal roots, should be similar to any molar endodontic prognosis. However, periodontal considerations would be involved in the prognosis of a type II or a type III maxillary molar with two palatal roots .