HIV infection is commonly associated with cytopenias. The occurrence of erythrocytosis is rare. With best of my knowledge only 7 cases of polycythemia in HIV have been described on literature. Material and Method : We report a case of polycythemia vera in a patient infected with HIV. A 52 year old patient by name Bheemsing Lamani, presented with involuntary movement (partial seizure) involving left hand and left side of face, found to be seropositive for HIV in year 2006. At the time of diagnosis of HIV his blood count was normal. Over the next twelve years when he came to our hospital with partial seizure work up revealed superior saggtial sinus thrombosis, erythrocytosis (hb – 20.1 gm/dl), suppressed erythropoietin ( 1.9 mIU/ml), normal arterial saturation and high pcv (60.7 %). These values are all compatible with diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Anti–retroviral treatment (tenophobic, lamivudin, efavirenz) started at 2010 and his CD4 count is 318/mm3. Result: After diagnosis of polycythemia vera, he was treated with hydroxyurea and phlevotomy. The patient remain stable and his blood indices became normal with treatment. Conclusion: we suggest that this is a HIV infection which may lead to emergence of poplycythemia vera. Treatment of HIV does not prevent the occurance of myeloproliferative disorder