Objectives: To compare lipid parameters between diabetics and controls and to study association between metabolic control and lipid profile. Methods: Lipid profile and HbA1c were measured (n=80, 39 boys) in diabetic children [age10.7(3.4) y] and 54 controls, tests repeated after 1 year (in 45 diabetics). Results: Diabetic children had higher mean (SD) LDL–C [95.3(27.7) vs84.5(26.4) mg/dL],lower HDL–C [48.2 (13.1) vs53.1(11.9) mg/dl]. Moderate physical activity (P=0.014)protected against high LDL–C levels. HbA1c (P=0.00) predicted total and LDL–C levels. At1year, 63% showed reduced LDL–C with improving HbA1c; 72% showed increased LDL–Cwith deteriorated HbA1c. Conclusion: Improving metabolic control is cardinal to reduce cardiometabolic risk; physicalactivity is beneficial