Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common entrapment neuropathy. Symptomns and signs are caused by compression of the median nerve in carpal tunnel. Disorder is commonly diagnosed clinically and is supported by electrodiagnostic studies as objective method of diagnosis. There has been recent development of nerve imaging in diagnosis, but their exact benefit is still unknown. There also has been development of wide treatment options including both non–surgical and surgical. This review addresses the carpal tunnel syndrome in detail including recent developments in diagnosis and treatment.