Introduction: Malaria is one of the highest killer diseases affecting most tropical countries. It affects over 500 million people worldwide and over one million children die annually from malaria. Over the years many new tests have been developed in an attempt to improve the diagnosis of malaria, but conventional method by smear microscopy remains the gold standard against which all other tests have been evaluated. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria could be considered for most patients in endemic regions. Objective: To compare microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in the diagnosis of malaria. Material & Methods: Blood samples of 7434 clinically suspected cases of malaria of all ages and both sexes were collected between June 2018 and November 2018 at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Southern Rajasthan. One step malaria antigen rapid test was done in all the patients. Patients who were positive on rapid diagnostic kit, thick and thin smear was prepared among those. Results were simply presented as percentage positive of the total number of patients under study. Results: Out of 7434 samples, 400 samples were positive in rapid card test (antigen detection) and out of 400 samples, 240 samples are positive for malaria in microscopy examination. Out of total 400 rapid card test positive samples 208 (52%) patients were male and 192 (48%) were female patients while out of total 240 microscopy positive samples 129 (53.75%) patients were male and 111 (46.25%) were female patients. In present study 51% were P. falciparum, 37.5% P. vivax and 11.5% mixed infection by rapid card test (n=400) while in the microscopy out of 240, 48.75% were P. falciparum, 39.58% were P. vivax and 11.66% were mixed infection.