IJSR International Journal of Scientific Research 2277 - 8179 Indian Society for Health and Advanced Research ijsr-9-4-24774 Original Research Paper A STUDY OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND BONE MINERAL DISORDER IN BUNDELKHAND REGION, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA N.S. Sengar Dr. Dr. Ram Diwakar Dr. April 2020 9 4 01 02 ABSTRACT

Introduction – Disturbances in mineral metabolism and bone disease are common, cause considerable morbidity, and decrease quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study of CKD–mineral and bone disorder (CKD–MBD) over a period of 1.5 years. The biochemical markers of CKD–MBD, namely, calcium, phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and Vitamin D3 were measured in newly diagnosed CKD Stage 3–5 and prevalent CKD Stage 5D patients admitted in Nephrology ward of MLB Medical College, Jhansi. Results: A total of 150 patients of CKD Stage 3–5D were studied. In our study, most of the cases was found in stage V (78.0%) followed by stage IV (19.33%). Most of the cases were males (62.00%). The male : female ratio was 1.63:1. Most of the cases were in the age group of 40–49 yrs (36%) followed by age group of 30–39 yrs (22%). Most common risk factor was diabetes (62.66%) followed by hypertension (26.66%), obstructive uropathy (6.66%), Analgesic abuse (2.66%), and ADPKD in 1.33% cases. The frequency of various BMD abnormalities was hyperphosphatemia (86.66%) followed by hypocalcemia (68%), vitamin D insufficiency (62%) and the incidence of secondary hyperthyroidism in CKD stage III, IV and V were 0.94%, 13.84% and 17% respectively. Mortality in study was 6.0% and all patients who expired were in CKD stage V and was associated with significantly raised phosphorus and iPTH. Conclusion : MBDs are quite prevalent both in CKD stage 4 and stage 5 patients. These should be promptly treated with regular supplementation of calcium, phosphate binders and vit D3 analogs and the patients who presented with hypercalcemia, should be treated with non calcium containing phosphate binders to decrease BMD associated morbidity and mortality