Background: Peritonitis is a well–known cause of mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We carried out a retrospective study to disclose the clinical spectrum and risk profile of peritonitis–related mortality. Aim: To study the microbiological spectrum in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Medicine, Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, on approximately 50 patients, who was present to Department for Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis over a period of 15 months from June 2017 to October 2018. Results: Majority of the patients was male i.e., 32 (64%) out of 50 and 18 patients (36%) was females. Majority of the cases was in the age group of 31–40 years (26%) followed by 41–50 and 51–60 (22%) respectively. In age group 61–70 years, 8 (16%) cases was found and only 1 (2%) cases was found in >70 years age group. Lower socio–economic status 41 (82%) followed by middle socioeconomic status, 9 (18%) and 0 cases found in upper status. Out of 50 cases, 22 (44%) cases was present with sign and symptoms of peritonitis and in rest 28 (56%) cases there was no sign and symptoms of peritonitis. 23 (46.0%). Patients undergoing CAPD in duration of 10–20 months followed by 17 (34) in duration <10 months and 10 (20%) patients in duration 21–30 months group was found. Mean duration of CAPD was 13.54+18.19 (range 2–30) patients months. 28 (56%) patients no episodes of peritonitis was seen, 2 episodes of peritonitis seen in 13 (25%) followed by 1 episode of peritonitis in 9 (18%) patients. Out of 35 dialysate culture, 25 (71.43%) patients was found culture positive and 10 (28.57%) patients was found sterile. On gram staning 6(17.15%) patients was gram positive cocci and 3 (8.57%) patients gram negative bacilli and on KOH mount 2 (5.71%) patients was found with yeast cells and no acid–fast bacillus was detected with ZN staining. Majority of organism was gram positive 17 (56.67%) followed by gram negatve 9 (30%) and fungal 4 (13.33%) found. No myobacterials Spp. was found out of 30 isolated organism. Majority of organism gram positive 17 (56.67%) [Staphylococcus aureus 8 (26.67%); coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS) 7 (23.33%); Enterococcus 2 (6.67%)]; followed by gram negative 9 (30%) [Escherichia coli 3 (10.0%)] and Fungal 4 (13.33%) [Candida spp. 3 (10.0%); Rhizopus spp. 1 (3.33%)] was found. The organism of skin origin 18 (60%) followed by fecal origin 9 (30%) and in environmental origin 3 (10%) was found. Conclusion: The rates of gram positive peritonitis was higher than that of gram —ve peritonitis. The higher incidence of gram +ve peritonitis in CAPD patients was due to the break in sterile techniques. The peritonitis rate was 0.62 episodes per patient‘s year.