Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder, without any component of adenocarcinoma, is rare and constitutes only about 1% of all malignancies of this organ. We report a case of a 45–year–old female who presented with pain in the right hypochondrium. Histopathological examination of the resected gallbladder specimen revealed keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Thorough evaluation revealed no adenocarcinoma component. Pure primary squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is rarely encountered, clinicians and pathologists must be aware of this entity to aid in early diagnosis and better patient management