COVID–19, an infectious disease caused by the SARS–CoV–2 virus, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in March 2020. This disease affected entire world and various myths are circulating about its diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Although evidence on the pathophysiology of COVID–19 is rapidly growing, an understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms which cause some patients to get seriously sick while others experience mild symptoms, remains unexplained. A better understanding of the pathological mechanisms of the clinical features of the disease will increase the efficacy of management strategies and subsequently prevent many fatal outcomes.