A retrospective study of cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care centre in coastal areas in South India

Dr. Siva Kumar Sivasubramaniam; Dr. Kode Leela Sravanthi

Volume : IX, Issue : VII, July - 2020

A retrospective study of cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care centre in coastal areas in South India

Dr. Siva Kumar Sivasubramaniam, Dr. Kode Leela Sravanthi

Abstract :

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an interdisciplinary disorder that needs many diferent specialties attention; however, the importance of dermatologists knowledge has not been highlighted regarding this issue. As a result, we aim to assess the prevalence and variety of DM skin manifestations in an effort to further acquaint dermatologists and other clinicians with diabetic dermatologic manifestations. Methodology: This was a retrospective study; 300 subjects who had a diagnosis of DM, who attended the Department of Dermatology at Vinayaka Missions Medical College , Karaikal from January 2017 to January 2020 were evaluated for diabetic dermopathy from clinical notes.The results were recorded in prepared data sheets, and general descriptions of DM duration, DM type, DM control, and drug history as well as the demographic data were gathered. Results: Among a total of 300 subjects, there were (64.8%) male and (35.1%) were female, of them 280(93.3%) were Type 2 diabetics while 20(6.6%) were Type 1. 245 patients out of 300 i.e. 81.6% were found to have skin lesions. 7 (35%) Type1 diabetics demonstrated skin lesions commonest being diabetic xerosis, infections and diabetic foot. Among Type2 diabetics 215(76.7%) showed skin lesions. Here infections, xerosis, hair loss beneath the knees, diabetic dermopathy were the most frequent. Majority of patients (63%) had combination of more than one type of skin lesion. There was statistically significant correlation of skin lesions with duration of diabetes, however similar correlation could not be demonstrated regarding metabolic control. Conclusion: Involvement of skin is inevitable and multifarious in diabetes mellitus. Higher prevalence is seen in Type 2 diabetic population. The duration of diabetes is positively correlated with lesions and infective dermatologic manifestations were associated with higher HbA1C values.