Spectrum of thyroid lesions in FNAC in Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa

Dr. Gautam Chandra Koshi; Dr. Swarna Das; Dr. Rifat Q Usmani

Volume : VIII, Issue : I, January - 2019

Spectrum of thyroid lesions in FNAC in Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa

Dr. Gautam Chandra Koshi, Dr. Swarna Das, Dr. Rifat Q Usmani

Abstract :

Introduction: In my study 70 patients on OPD basis in Sanjay Gandhi memorial hospital underwent FNAC in Department of Pathology in Shyam Shah Medical College were studied. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid gland is now an increasingly used, first line diagnostic test as it is quick, non invasive for the evaluation of diffuse thyroid lesions as well as of thyroid nodules with the main purpose of confirming benign lesions and thereby, reducing unnecessary surgery. Material & Method: In my study Thyroid swellings were aspirated using (23/24) gauge disposable needles using standard procedures. The aspirated contents of the needle were expelled onto glass slides. Four slide smears were made for each case and immediately fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol for about 30 min. All the slides (aspirated in our unit and received as US guided material) were stained with giemsa stain. Diagnosis of cytological smears was done according to standard criteria defined by various authors. Observation and result: FNAC results were interpreted as benign in 30 cases (44%), follicular lesion of undetermined significance in 10 cases (14%), follicular neoplasm in 12 cases (17%) suspicious in 7 cases (10%), malignant in 14 cases (20%), and unsatisfactory in 5 cases (7%). The benign diagnoses included 27 cases (90%) of nodular colloid goiter, and 3 cases (10%) of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. The malignant diagnoses were 4 cases (72%) of papillary carcinoma 2 cases (23%) of medullary carcinoma. In my study maximum cases were females (85%) and males were 15% and the result obtained during FNAC, prevalence of benign cases were 44% and malignant cases were 8%. Conclusion: Fine–needle aspiration cytology has greatly improved the clinical management of thyroid nodules. In present study, 44% were benign lesion and 8% were malignant lesion which implies, maximum cases were benign in nature. So, the Bethesda system is essential guiding tool to differentiate between malignant and benign lesion to guide the further management and prevent unnecessary surgeries and costly investigations for poor patients.