BONE MARROW ASPIRATION AND BIOPSY INTERPRETATION IN ADULT CASES OF PANCYTOPENIA

Dr. Parul Hans; Dr. Md. Ibrahim Siddiqui; Dr. Anita A. M; Dr. Anuradha G. Patil; Dr. S. K . Andola

Volume : VI, Issue : I, January - 2017

BONE MARROW ASPIRATION AND BIOPSY INTERPRETATION IN ADULT CASES OF PANCYTOPENIA

Dr. Parul Hans, Dr. Md. Ibrahim Siddiqui, Dr. Anita A. M, Dr. Anuradha G. Patil, Dr. S. K . Andola

Abstract :

BACKGROUND

Pancytopenia is a relatively common hematological entity. It is not a disease entity but a triad of findings that may result from various disease processes, primarily or secondarily involving the bone marrow. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy evaluation along with good clinical correlation is of utmost importance to evaluate the causes of pancytopenia and planning further investigations.

AIMS and objectives

Our main aim was to analyse the causes of pancytopenia by evaluating bone marrow aspiration and biopsy and also to correlate the aspiration and biopsy findings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The present study is a prospective clinico-hematological study undertaken in M.R. Medical College, Kalaburagi, from November 2014 to October 2015 on hundred patients of pancytopenia fulfilling the inclusion criteria i.e. haemoglobin < 10 gm/dL, total leucocyte count 4.0 × 10³/μL and platelet count <1.0×10³/μL. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were performed simultaneously in all cases. Perl�s stain was done in all cases and special stains like PAS and reticulin were also done wherever necessary.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The maximum cases of pancytopenia were in the age group of 46 to 55 years with male preponderance. Megaloblastic anaemia was found to be the most common aetiology of pancytopenia followed by normoblastic erythroid hyperplasia, aplastic anaemias, acute leukemias, myelofiosis and metastasis. It was concluded from the study that although the advantages of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy differ, both are complimentary to each other and should be performed simultaneously for a complete bone marrow work up and evaluation. It is only through the correlation of clinical, haematological and bone marrow examination findings that proper evaluation and management of patients of pancytopenia can be made.