Epidemiological, clinical, computed tomography and evolutionary profile of isolated serious head injuries seen in the resuscitation department of Tambohobe-Fianarantsoa Teaching Hospital

Rasamoelina Ndrantoniaina; Andrianaivo Radotina; Ralahy Fanjalalaina; Rabarijaona Mamiarisoa; Andrianimaro Florelia Martinetti; Riel Andry Mampionona; Rajaonera Andriambelo Tovohery; Rakotoarison Nicole; Raveloson Nasolotsiry Enintsoa

Volume : VII, Issue : IV, April - 2018

Epidemiological, clinical, computed tomography and evolutionary profile of isolated serious head injuries seen in the resuscitation department of Tambohobe-Fianarantsoa Teaching Hospital

Rasamoelina Ndrantoniaina, Andrianaivo Radotina, Ralahy Fanjalalaina, Rabarijaona Mamiarisoa, Andrianimaro Florelia Martinetti, Riel Andry Mampionona, Rajaonera Andriambelo Tovohery, Rakotoarison Nicole, Raveloson Nasolotsiry Enintsoa

Abstract :

Objective: To determine the epidemiological, clinical, tomodensitometric and evolutionary profile of severe head injuries in the Intensive Care Unit of Tambohobe Fianarantsoa Hospital.

Material and Methods:This is a descriptive retrospective study of patients with severe head injury isolated from January 2016 to December 2017. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 software.

Results: The average age was 31.5 years with extremes of 10 years and 78 years. The sex ratio was 5.3. Voluntary aggression was responsible for 52 (68.4%) serious head injuries. Serious traumatic ain injury presented a coma from the outset in 54 cases (71.1%). Other clinical signs were anisocoria (n = 24), focal motor deficit (n = 17) and convulsive seizure (n = 6). The CT scan achievement rate was 26.3% (n = 20). All CT scan examinations were performed beyond 24 hours of the onset of head trauma. Surgery was indicated in 14 patients (18.4%). The surgical indication was only based on the clinic in 6 cases. The postoperative course was unfavorable in 12 patients (85.7%). The hospital mortality rate for severe head injury was 78.9% (n = 60).

Conclusion: Serious head injuries mainly affected young males. Voluntary aggression was the main etiology. The mortality was very high.