Etiologies and risk factors of acute left ventricular failure with special reference to tribal population: a Sadar hospital based study

Dr Subhro Pandey; Dr Syamal Kundu; Dr Amiya Sindhu Das

Volume : IX, Issue : V, May - 2020

Etiologies and risk factors of acute left ventricular failure with special reference to tribal population: a Sadar hospital based study

Dr Subhro Pandey, Dr Syamal Kundu, Dr Amiya Sindhu Das

Abstract :

Background: Due to demographic transition & stressful sedentary life style the acute left ventricular failure (LVF) is increasing. Objective: To find out etiologies of acute LVF in study population, to estimate the proportion of patients had predefined risk factors of acute LVF along with comparison between tribal & non–tribal subgroups. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross–sectional study was conducted for one year among 74 randomly selected patients aged ≥18 years & treated for acute LVF in the In–Patient–Department (IPD) and/or Out–patient–department (OPD) of General Medicine, Deben Mahato District hospital, Purulia, West Bengal. Patients with diastolic heart failure or isolated right ventricular dysfunction were excluded. Data were collected once in a week for a period of 6 months. For each week, the day for data collection was chosen randomly & on each day two patients from OPD & one from IPD were included randomly in such a fashion that 50% of them were tribal. Information collected by interview, clinical examination including anthropometry, laboratory and imaging tests were summarized & analyzed. Results: Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) & Hypertension were revealed to be two most common causes of acute LVF. Severe anaemia accounted for a considerable proportion of cases of acute LVF, specially in the tribal group. Obesity, smoking, hyperlipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension (treated), IHD, alcoholism etc. were found to be common risk factors of acute LVF. Conclusions: The results of this study had concurrence with most of other studies. Screening for causes and risk factors of LVF is the need of the hour along with nutritional interventions & lifestyle modification, specially among tribal subgroup.